In Greek, the word for substitute is ὑπέρ| huper, meaning on behalf of or in another’s place.
Hebrews: Not For Angels
If Christus Victor was a primary doctrine in the early church, how did penal substitutionary atonement move to prominence in recent centuries?
Gospel of John: A Gospel Sidebar
even though Penal Substitutionary Atonement is an important concept, maybe even a foundational one, it is not the only important word on salvation, the gospel is so, so much more.